Air pollution poses a serious threat to pulmonary (lung) health. Most people think of air pollution as smog caused by industrial residue, traffic fumes and airborne manufacturing waste. In reality, we spend most of our time indoors, so breathing healthy air where we live, work and play is crucial to the maintenance of good lung function. We may not be aware of it, but the air in our own homes and workplaces can be dirty and hazardous to health.
Evaluate the air you breathe
Dust is visible, so we tend to sweep and vacuum, but since we can’t see air, it’s difficult to know when it needs cleaning. In this way, indoor air may be even more polluted than the air outdoors but we may be unaware. Here’s how we can determine whether the air at home or at work may be harmful:
- If you experience respiratory symptoms, do they improve when you leave the building? Do they return when you are back in the building? If so, you may have an indoor air pollution problem.
- Is anyone smoking indoors? No one should smoke indoors.
- Can you see or smell mold or mildew? Exposure to mold can trigger allergic reactions and asthma symptoms. Even those without allergies may experience irritation of the eyes, skin, nose, throat and lungs when exposed to airborne mold particles.
- Is the humidity regularly above 50 percent? Dampness in homes or buildings creates the environment for mold spores to grow. Excessive moisture in the air also promotes the growth of common indoor pollutants such as dust mites, cockroaches, bacteria and viruses, all of which can impede optimal health. The combination of dampness and mold have been linked to asthma, coughing, wheezing, nasal congestion, sore throat, sneezing and rhinitis. People with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to any or all of the flu-like reactions.
- Are all fuel-burning appliances (gas stoves, water heaters, fireplaces) fully vented to the outdoors?
- Are household chemicals, paints or solvents stored indoors or in an attached garage or basement? New construction or remodeling materials may emit fumes or dust that may endanger health. Older building materials can release indoor air pollutants when disturbed or removed.
- What types of cleaning supplies do you keep at home? Many cleaning supplies or household products can irritate the eyes or the throat or cause headaches or other issues. Some products release dangerous chemicals, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Other harmful ingredients include ammonia and bleach. Even natural fragrances can react to produce dangerous pollutants indoors. VOCs and other chemicals released when using cleaning supplies contribute to chronic respiratory problems, allergic reactions and headaches. Products containing VOCs and other toxic substances include aerosol sprays (beauty and cleaning items), air fresheners (they may smell pleasant but are not good for the respiratory system), chlorine bleach, dry cleaning chemicals, rug and upholstery cleaners, furniture and floor polish, oven cleaners, among others.
